Prometheus是一个开源的监控服务，可以用来采集服务的状态数据，Grafana是一个开源的分析和监控软件，我最近在配置这些服务来对我们现有的服务以及机器进行监控。这篇文章记录了配置Prometheus和Grafana的步骤，以便以后查阅使用，本文使用的服务器是CentOS 7。

安装Prometheus

创建本地用户

sudo useradd prometheussudo mkdir /etc/prometheussudo chown prometheus:prometheus /etc/prometheus

下载Prometheus

# 下载地址https://prometheus.io/download/# 切换到Prometheus用户sudo su - prometheus# 下载prometheus安装文件wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.6.0/prometheus-2.6.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz# 解压文件tar xzf prometheus-2.0.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz# 将可执行文件复制到/usr/local/bin目录下sudo cp prometheus-2.6.0.linux-amd64/prometheus /usr/local/bin/sudo cp prometheus-2.6.0.linux-amd64/promtool /usr/local/bin/# 将Prometheus的界面模版复制到/etc/prometheus目录下cp -R prometheus-2.6.0.linux-amd64/consoles /etc/prometheuscp -R prometheus-2.6.0.linux-amd64/console_libraries /etc/prometheus

配置Prometheus

配置文件路径/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml

文件内容如下：

global:  scrape_interval:     15s # By default, scrape targets every 15 seconds.   # Attach these labels to any time series or alerts when communicating with  # external systems (federation, remote storage, Alertmanager).  external_labels:    monitor: 'codelab-monitor' # A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:# Here it's Prometheus itself.scrape_configs:  # The job name is added as a label `job=
      
       ` to any timeseries scraped from this config.  - job_name: 'prometheus'     # Override the global default and scrape targets from this job every 5 seconds.    scrape_interval: 5s     static_configs:      - targets: ['localhost:9090']
      

　　

配置Prometheus为系统服务

添加服务文件/etc/systemd/system/prometheus.servie

文件内容如下：

[Unit]Description=PrometheusWants=network-online.targetAfter=network-online.target[Service]User=prometheusGroup=prometheusType=simpleExecStart=/usr/local/bin/prometheus \    --config.file /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \    --storage.tsdb.path /home/prometheus/data/prometheus/ \    --web.console.templates=/etc/prometheus/consoles \    --web.console.libraries=/etc/prometheus/console_libraries \    --web.external-url=http://
      
       [Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target
      

启动Prometheus服务

# 启动服务sudo systemctl start prometheus# 设置服务开机时自动重启sudo systemctl enable prometheus# 查看服务配置状态sudo systemctl status prometheus

配置nginx使用域名访问

upstream http_monitor {    server localhost:9090;    keepalive 300;}server {    listen 80;    server_name 
      
       ;    location / {        auth_basic "Prometheus server authentication";        auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;        proxy_pass http://http_monitor;        proxy_http_version 1.1;        proxy_set_header Connection "";        proxy_buffers 4096 32k;        proxy_buffer_size  32K;        proxy_busy_buffers_size 32k;        proxy_set_header Host $host;        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;        proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;    }}
      

 

上面的 auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd; 配置了服务访问时需要输入密码验证，该文件使用htpasswd 生成，该工具在httpd-tools中。

sudo yum install httpd-toolssudo htpasswd -c /etc/nginx/.htpasswd user1

安装grafana

# 介绍页面https://grafana.com/grafana/download?platform=linuxwget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-5.4.2-1.x86_64.rpm sudo yum localinstall grafana-5.4.2-1.x86_64.rpm

 

Grafana配置文件

# Grafana的配置文件路径：/etc/grafana/grafana.ini

Grafana的数据文件路径

# Grafana数据文件路径：/var/lib/grafana

配置nginx使用域名访问

配置文件: /etc/nginx/conf.d/grafana.conf

 

upstream http_grafana_monitor {    server localhost:3000;    keepalive 300;}server {    listen 80;    server_name 
      
       ;    location / {        proxy_pass http://http_grafana_monitor;        proxy_http_version 1.1;        proxy_set_header Connection "";        proxy_buffers 4096 32k;        proxy_buffer_size  32K;        proxy_busy_buffers_size 32k;        proxy_set_header Host $host;        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;        proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;    }}